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This circuit was designed to detect the approximate percentage of salt contained in a liquid. After careful setting it can be useful to persons needing a quick, rough indication of the salt content in liquid foods for diet purposes etc.... [read more]

This device is designed to be a simple, inexpensive ‘comparator’, intended for use in a solar cell power supply setup where a quick ‘too low’ or ‘just right’ voltage indicator is needed. The circuit consists only of one 5V regulator, two transistors, two LEDs, five resistors, two capacitors, and one small battery. Although a 4-V battery is indicated, 4.5 V (3 alkalines in series) or 3.6 V (3 NiCd cells in series) will also work.... [read more]

This is a selection of simple self-contained transistor based alarm circuits - complete with photographs. They are designed around the Complementary Latch. All may be triggered by both normally-open and normally-closed switches. They have a very low standby current - and are ideal for battery operation.... [read more]

This circuit is intended to signal when a plant needs water. A LED flashes at a low rate when the ground in the flower-pot is too dry, turning off when the moisture level is increasing. Adjusting R2 will allow the user to adapt the sensitivity of the circuit for different grounds, pots and probe types.... [read more]

This timer will provide a sequence of up to ten separate events. The length of each event is set independently. And the sequence will run a fixed number of times - or repeat continuosly. The individual events within the sequence - can be made to repeat and/or overlap. The accompanying Support Material includes a detailed description of how the Cmos 4017 works.... [read more]

A small 325mW amplifier with a voltage gain of 200 that can be used as a bench amplifier, signal tracer or used to amplify the output from personal radios, etc.... [read more]